Written by Justin Button-Hutchens, P.E., Branch Manager at BBJ Group's Chicago office
By BBJ Group March 01, 2023
Written by Justin Button-Hutchens, P.E., Branch Manager at BBJ Group's Chicago office
In Part 1, we discussed what vapor intrusion is, it’s impacts to indoor air, and how to identify it. But how do we prevent or mitigate the impacts of vapor intrusion? This article will help you to understand vapor intrusion mitigation systems, and how they can help you reduce your risk.
In our previous blog, we discussed vapor intrusion and the risks it can pose to occupants and future uses of buildings and properties. Fortunately, some steps can be taken to mitigate the impact of vapor intrusion. One of the most effective methods is to install a vapor intrusion mitigation system. A vapor intrusion mitigation system (VIMS) creates a barrier between contaminated soil or groundwater and the indoor air, preventing the contaminated vapors from entering the building and ensuring the indoor air quality remains safe for occupants. A VIMS does not remediate the source of the contamination.
There are two types of vapor intrusion mitigation systems: active and passive. The main difference between the two is the way they operate to reduce the concentration of volatile VOCs in indoor air spaces. Active mitigation systems are designed to actively remove or divert contaminated air from indoor spaces and vent it to the outside through the use of mechanical equipment such as fans. Examples of active mitigation systems include:
Passive mitigation systems, on the other hand, do not require the use of mechanical equipment to remove contaminated air from indoor spaces. Instead, these systems rely on natural air movement and pressure differences to reduce VOC concentration in indoor air spaces. Some of the most common systems include:
The type of vapor intrusion mitigation system appropriate for a particular building will depend on several factors, including the type and source of the contamination, the concentration of the contaminant, the building design and construction, local climate and weather conditions, and the specific needs of the occupants. For further details about the design and cost factors to consider, look at this article by BBJ Group’s John Tanaka, P.E.
While vapor intrusion poses a risk and potential threat to indoor air quality, using a VIMS is a critical component of indoor air quality management, especially in areas where the soil or groundwater is contaminated with volatile chemicals. By preventing the migration of volatile chemicals into indoor air spaces, a VIMS helps to protect the health and safety of building occupants, allowing everyone to breathe easily.
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